ESG Investing Glossary

A price an organisation assigns internally to greenhouse gas emissions for decision-making, even where no external charge applies.

Five categories of fundamental labour rights: freedom of association and collective bargaining, elimination of forced labour, abolition of child labour, elimination of discrimination, and a safe and healthy working environment.

The IFRS Foundation board that develops the global baseline of investor-focused sustainability disclosure standards.

An international standard specifying requirements for an environmental management system.

An international standard specifying requirements for an occupational health and safety management system.

A transition to a low-carbon and environmentally sustainable economy that is fair and inclusive for workers, communities and affected groups.

Rights and protections relating to fair treatment, wages, working time, safety, non-discrimination, association, bargaining and freedom from forced and child labour.

The GHG Protocol standard for accounting for land emissions, land-use change, biogenic products and specified carbon dioxide removals and storage.

A change in the purpose, management or cover of land, such as conversion of forest or grassland to agriculture or infrastructure.

An increase in emissions or environmental harm outside a project boundary caused by the project or intervention.

TNFD's voluntary assessment process to Locate interfaces with nature, Evaluate dependencies and impacts, Assess risks and opportunities, and Prepare to respond and report.

A method for evaluating environmental impacts associated with a product, process or service across defined life-cycle stages.

A moderate level of assurance based on less extensive evidence and procedures than reasonable assurance.

Remuneration sufficient for a worker and their family to afford a decent standard of living in a particular place.

A Scope 2 accounting method using average emissions factors for the grids or energy systems where consumption occurs.

A Scope 2 accounting method using emissions factors from contractual instruments such as supplier-specific products or energy attribute certificates.